Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh dan Wakaf di Indonesia
Analysis of Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqoh and Wakaf Development Strategies in Indonesia
-
(1) * Rusdi Hamka Lubis
Institut PTIQ, Jakarta
Indonesia
(2) Fitri Nur Latifah
Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
This study to describe the picture of ziswaf potential and Ziswaf's realization in Indonesia explained the difference between potential and realization. Beginning with a quantitative descriptive approach method by collecting secondary data from various sources. A very large gap between the value of potential and the amount of realization. During the last five years until 2016. The realization of zakat receipts was only less than 1%. The development of Ziswaf funds in Indonesia must have strategic objectives that must be reduced in the policies of all stakeholders. Thus, muzakki and mustahik are important components in the development and succession of empowerment. The selection of the right strategy can be done using the SWOT analysis method to produce a condition map of the research group and the right strategy to support the strategic objectives. The results of the analysis show that Ziswaf's condition in Indonesia has experienced and significant development. The results of the analysis also show that there are 6 (six) strategies that can be used to achieve Ziswaf's strategic objectives, namely: (1) digitizing of Ziswaf, (2) Islamic Inclusive Finance Council, (3) Database Development, (4) Regulation Implementation, (5) Zakat Automation, (6) Tax incentives for muzakki.
References
Al-Qardawi, Y. 1993. Fiqhuz Zakat. Litera AntarNusa, Jakarta.
Muftie, Aries “Optimalisasi Pengumpulan Zakat, dalam zakat dan peran negara, ed Kuntarto Noor Aflah (Jakarta : FOZ, 2006)
Badan Wakaf Indonesia, Peraturan Badan Wakaf Indonesia (PBWI) nomor 2 tahun 2010 tentang Tata Cara Pendaftaran Nazhir Wakaf Uang. Bab 1 Ketentuan Umum pasal 1 poin 3. Lihat juga, Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 Tentang Wakaf Ketentuan Umum Pasal 1 poin 4.
BAZNAS, Outlook Zakat Indonesia 2017 (Jakarta : PUSKASBAZNAS 2017)
BAZNAS, Outlook Zakat Indonesia 2018 (Jakarta : PUSKASBAZNAS 2018)
Beik, I.S. dan Hakiem, H. 2008. Zakat dan Masjid Sebagai Pengaman Sosial. www.pkesinteraktif.com
Bhattacherjee, Anol. (2012) SosialScience Research : Principles, Methods, And Practices, Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike, University of South Florida
Hafidhuddin, D. 2002. Zakat dalam Perekonomian Modern. Gema Insani Press, Jakarta.
Handoko, T. Hani (2003) “Manajemen” ; edisi 2, BPFE-Yogyakarta,
Taher, Palmawati Zakat dan Negara : Studi tentang proses zakat dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan berlakunya UU no.38 tahun 1999 tentang pengelolaan zakat, Disertasi Program Doktoral (Depok : Perpustakaan FH.UI, 2004)
Aam Slamet Rusydiana, Irman Firmansyah, Prioritizing Zakat Core Principles (ZCP) Criteria Esensi: Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen Volume 7 (2), Oktober 2017 P-ISSN: 2087-2038; E-ISSN: 2461-1182 Halaman 277 - 302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/ess.v7i2.5275
Abdus Samad, Lowell M. Glenn, (2010) "Development of Zakah and Zakah coverage in monotheistic faiths", International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 37 Issue: 4, pp.302-315, https://remote-lib.ui.ac.id:2067/10.1108/03068291011025264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03068291011025264
Abu Bakar, Nur Barizah and Abdul Rahim, Abdul Rahman, A Comparative Study of Zakah and Modern Taxation (2007). Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2007. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071234 diakses pada tanggal 15 Feb 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4197/islec.20-1.2
Ahmad Alam, (2018) “Permasalahan dan Pengelolaan Zakat di Indonesia” Jurnal Manajemen, Vol.9 No.2 Des 2018, hal 128-135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.v9i2.1533
Aisyah Ekawati Setyani (2018) Efektivitas Strategi Fundraising Wakaf Berbasis Wakaf Online Di Global Wakaf Aksi Cepat Tanggap Yogyakarta, Skripsi Islamic Studies Islamic Economic https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/11308
Aiz, Muhammad. Legalitas dan Dampak Istibdal Wakaf Saham pada Tabung Wakaf Indonesia, (penerbit Al-Hanin Press, 2017) hal. 4
Aktar, Zia. “Charitable trust and waqfs: Their Parallels, Registration Prosess and Tax Reliefs in United Kingdom”, Oxford University Press, 2012, http:slr.oxfordjournals.org. (diakses, Juli 25, 2018)
Al-Qardawi, Y. 2002. Zakat Role in curing Social and Economic Malaises, in Kahf, M (ed), Economics of Zakat. IRTI – IDB, Jeddah.
Assegaf, Yasmin Umar “Islamic Corporate Governance In Waqf Institutions” (Shuratic-Meta-Synthesis Analysis ), 2015 Adln-Perpustakaan Universitas Airlangga, http;//repository.unair.ac.id/32672/1/gdlhub-gdl-s3-2015-assegafyas-37053-7.abst-t.pdf (diakses pada 20 Juli 2018)
Assegaf, Yasmin Umar “Islamic Corporate Governance In Waqf Institutions” (Shuratic-Meta-Synthesis Analysis), 2015 Adln-Perpustakaan Universitas Airlangga, http;//repository.unair.ac.id/32672/1/gdlhub-gdl-s3-2015-assegafyas-37053-7.abst-t.pdf (diakses pada 20 Juli 2018)
Babacan, Mehmet “Economics of Philanthropic Institutions, Regulation and Governance in Turkey”, Journal of Economic and SosialResearch 13(2) Istanbul University, 2011 Badan Wakaf Indonesia, Peraturan Badan Wakaf Indonesia (PBWI) nomor 2 tahun 2010 tentang Tata Cara Pendaftaran Nazhir Wakaf Uang. Bab 1 Ketentuan Umum pasal 1 poin 3. Lihat juga, Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 Tentang Wakaf Ketentuan Umum Pasal 1 poin 4.
Babacan, Mehmet “Economics of Philanthropic Institutions, Regulation and Governance in Turkey”, Journal of Economic and SosialResearch 13(2) Istanbul University, 2011
Badan Pusat Statistik, (2018) “Data Sensus Penduduk tahun 2010”, https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2018/05/18/2018-jumlah-penduduk-indonesia-mencapai-265-juta-jiwa Berdasarkan proyeksi Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas) 2013 jumlah penduduk Indonesia pada 2018 mencapai 265 juta jiwa. Jumlah tersebut terdiri dari 133,17 juta jiwa laki-laki dan 131,88 juta jiwa perempuan.
Bayyinah, Ai Nur. “Analisis Alternatif Model Investasi Pengelolaan Wakaf Produktif”, IslamicEconomic & Finance Journal, Vol.03. No.1, Oktober 2010.
Bayyinah, Ai Nur. “Analisis Alternatif Model Investasi Pengelolaan Wakaf Produktif”, IslamicEconomic & Finance Journal, Vol.03. No.1, Oktober 2010.
Beik, IS (2015) Towards International Standardization of Zakat System1 Fiqh Zakat International Conference, 2015 - researchgate.net
Beik, IS (2009) Analisis Peran Zakat dalam Mengurangi Kemiskinan : Studi Kasus Dompet Dhuafa Republika, Zakat&Empowering, Jurnal pemikiran dan gagasan, Vol.II
Dahlan, Rahmat. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi nazhir terhadap wakaf uang, Al-Iqtishad: Vol. VI No. 2, Juli 2014 hal. 305-315 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v6i2.1237
Didin Hafidhuddin, (2011), Peran Strategis Organisasi Zakat dalam menguatkan zakat di Dunia Jurnal Al-Infaq, vol. 2 no. 1, Maret 2 011 pp. 1-4 UIKA Bogor http://www.jurnalfai uikabogor.org/index.php/alinfaq/article/view/361/256diakses tanggal 15 Feb 2019
Djamhari, Chairul, Program strategis deputi bidang pembiayaan tahun2015,http://www.depkop.go.id/uploads/tx_rtgfiles/bahan_rakornas_2014__deputi_3.pdf (diakses pada tanggal 17 Juli 2018)
El-Din, S. I. T. 1986. Allocative and Stabilizing Functions of Zakat in an Economy. Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance, 3:4. El-Ghazali, A. H. 1994. Man is the Basis of the Islamic Strategy for Economic Development. IRTI-IDB, Jeddah.
El-Din, S. I. T. 1986. Allocative and Stabilizing Functions of Zakat in an Economy. Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance, 3:4. El-Ghazali, A. H. 1994. Man is the Basis of the Islamic Strategy for Economic Development. IRTI-IDB, Jeddah.
Emet Gürel, Merba Tat, (2017) “Swot Analysis : A Theoretical Review” Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi The Journal of International Social Research, http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1832www.sosyalarastirmalar.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1832
Hafidhuddin, D. 2006. Analisis Efektifitas Promosi Lembaga Amil Zakat dalam Penghimpunan Zakat Bagi Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Dhuafa: Studi Kasus Lembaga Amil Zakat Dompet Dhuafa Republika. Jurnal Media Gizi dan Keluarga.
Haura, Arie. “Analisys of Cash Waqf Management on Sharia Financial Service Cooperation” (Analytical Network Process Approach), Jurnal Al-Muzara’ah Vol.3, No.1, 2016, (ISSN p: 2337-6333; e: 2355-4363)
Havita, Gusva. Sayekti, Kartika Arum. Wafiroh, Silvia Ranny. ( 2013). Model “Bank Wakaf Di Indonesia Dalam Potensinya Untuk Mengembangkan Wakaf Uang Dan Mengatasi Kemiskinan”, Direktorat Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Ditjen Dikti Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia Prosiding Elektronik E-Proceedings PKM-GT, http://artikel.dikti.go.id/index.php/pkmgt/article/view/142 (diakses pada 25 juni 2018)
Holilur Rahman, (2018) “Regulasi Hukum Zakat : Studi Kewenangan Amil Zakat di Indonesia”, Disertasi program doctor pengkajian Islam Konsentrasi Hukum Islam Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
http://jurnal.arraniry.ac.id/index.php/Share/article/view/910/717 (diakses 18-08-2018).
Hylmun Izhar, (2016) “Development of Islamic Social Finance Standards” Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI)
Iggi H. dan Dien L. Purnamasari, “Islamic Crowd- Achsien, funding as The Next Financial Innovation in Islamic Finance: Potential and Anticipated Regulation in Indonesia”, European Journal of Islamic Finance EJIF No. 5 juni 2016, hal 1-10 http://www.ojs.unito.it/index.php/EJIF, (diakses pada 5 Agustus 2018)
Irfan Syauqi Beik (2015) Towards International Standardization of Zakat System1 Fiqh Zakat International Conference, 2015 - paper is presented at the Fiqh Zakat International Conference 2015, which is held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, organized by the World Zakat Forum, Pusat Pungutan Zakat (Zakat Collection Center) Malaysia, and JAWHAR on November 25-27, 2015 researchgate.net diakses tanggal 15 Februari 2019
Isaac, S. & Michael, W. B. (1990) Handbook in research and evaluation (2nd ed.) San Diego, CA: EdITS.
Isfandiar, Ali Amin “Tinjauan Fiqh Muamalat dan Hukum Nasional tentang Wakaf di Indonesia”, Jurnal Ekonomi Islam La Riba, Vol. II, No. 1, Juli 2008 : 51-73 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/lariba.vol2.iss1.art5
Jehle, G.A. 1994. Zakat and Inequality: Some Evidence from Pakistan. Review of Income and Wealth, Series 40:2, June. Mannan, M. A. 2000. Effects of Zakah Assessment and Collection on the Redistribution of Income in Contemporary Muslim Countries, in Imtiazi et al (ed), Management of Zakah in Modern Muslim Society. IRTI-IDB, Jeddah. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1994.tb00059.x
Kasdi, Abdurrahman “Model Pemberdayaan Wakaf Produktif Di Indonesia”, Jurnal ZISWAF, Vol. 1, No. 1, Juni 2014, hal 124-147.
Latief, Hilman. Fleksibilitas Pemaknaan Wakaf Tunai di Indonesia: Studi terhadap Lembaga Filantropi dan Lembaga Keuangan, Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman Afkaruna. 2015 hal. 66-95, pemaknaan-wakaf-tunai-di-i.pdf https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/73228-ID-fleksibilitas-pemaknaan-wakaftunai-di-i.pdf (Diakses, 27 Juli 2018) DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/aiijis.2015.0044.66-95
Junaidi Safitri, “ImplementasI Konsep Zakat dalam al- Qur’an sebagaI upaya mengentaskan Kemiskinan dI Indonesia”, Mukaddimah : Jurnal Studi Islam, Volume 2, No. 1, Juni 2017 ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/pusat/mukaddimah/article/download/1356/1171 (diakses tgl 24 Februari 2019) hal 19-42
M. Mizanur Rahman, Fariduddin Ahmad, (2010) "Impact of microfinance of IBBL on the rural poor's livelihood in Bangladesh: an empirical study", International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, Vol. 3 Issue: 2, pp.168 90, https://doi.org/10.1108/17538391011054390 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17538391011054390
M.A Akbar, Handriani (2018) “Study and Implementation Information System of Zakat using MVC Architecture” , IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/453/1/012032
Mannan, M. A. (2018). Linking Islamic Commercial and SosialFinance With Special Reference To Cash-Waqf As New Strategy Of Interest-Free Micro-Credit For Family Empowerment Of The Poor Towards Establishing World SosialBank : a Case Study Approach. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, Vol. 3, Special Issue : 1 – 32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v3i0.913
Maxwell, Joseph dan Loomis, Diane, (2003) Mixed Method Design: An Alternative Approach, Published in Abbas Tashakkori and Charles Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of Mixed Methods in the Sosialand Behavioral Sciences, Sage Publications,.
Miles, MB and Huberman, A. Michael (1999). Qualitative data analysis. California: Sage Publications. Hal. 12
Miles, MB and Huberman, A. Michael and Saldaña, Johnny (2013) Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook : Edition3, Sage Publications
Monzer Kahf, (1999) “The principle of socio-economic justice in the contemporary Fiqh of Zakah” IQTISAD Journal of Islamic Economics, 1999
Mubarak, Jaih dan Hasanudin, (2017) Fikih Mu’amalah Maliyah, Akad Tabarru’ Bandung: Penerbit Simbiosa Rekatama Media
Muflihah, Siti. (2016). Pengaturan dan Pelaksanaan Wakaf Tunai (Studi Kasus Pada Tabung Wakaf Indonesia dan Dompet Dhuafa Jakarta), disertasi program pascasarjana Universitas Gajah Mada.
Muhammad Aiz, Legalitas dan Dampak Istibdal Wakaf Saham pada Tabung Wakaf Indonesia, (penerbit Al-Hanin Press, 2017) hal. 4
Mustofa al-Khin, al-Fiqh al-Manhaji ala Mazhab al-Imam As-Shafi’I (Bairut: Dar al-Qalam, 1992), 11.
Mustolih Siradj, Jalan Panjang legislasi syariat zakat di Indonesia : Studi terhadap Undang-Undang nomor 23 tahun 2011 tentang pengelolaan zakat”, Jurnal Bimas Islam, Vol 7 No.3, 2014 hal 413
Mustolih Siradj, Jalan Panjang legislasi syariat zakat di Indonesia : Studi terhadap Undang-Undang nomor 23 tahun 2011 tentang pengelolaan zakat”, Jurnal Bimas Islam, Vol 7 No.3, 2014 hal 413
Panadji, Tri “Penguatan Modal Sosial Untuk Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pedesaan Dalam Pengelolaan Agroekosistem Lahan Kering : Studi Kasus di Desa-desa (Hulu DAS) Ex Proyek Bangun Desa, Kabupaten Gunungkidul dan Ex Proyek Pertanian Lahan Kering, Kabupaten Boyolali”
Pradnyaswari, Luh Gede Diah Ary dan Putri. I Gusti Ayu Made Asri Dwija (2016) Pengaruh prinsip-prinsip Good Corporate Governance Pada Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Klungkung, E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana.14 (2) : 1064-1091
Rashid, S. K. (2012). Measures for the better management of awqaf. IIUM Law Journal, 20 (1), 103-137 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumlj.v20i1.77
Setiawan, Abdul Azis. (2007). Tantangan strategi institusi wakaf dalam program pengentasan kemiskinan masyarakat, Jakarta, Jurnal Kordinat, volume VIII no.1,
Shinsuke, Nagaoka. "Socio-Economic Role of Islamic Finance and its Potential in the Post-Capitalist Era" Resuscitation of the Antique Economic System or Novel Sustainable System? Revitalization of the Traditional Islamic Economic Institutions (Waqf and Zakat) in the Postmodern Era, Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies, vol. 7 (March 2014), pp. 3–19, https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2433/185839 (diakses pada 6 Agustus 2018)
Solihah, Cucu. Dedi Mulyadi and Hilman Nur. “Muhammadiyah Nazhir Organization, Analysis of Waqf Management and Development in Cianjur”, Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, Vol. 17 No. 2, May 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2017.17.2.702
Suchman, Edward A. (1967) Evaluative Research Principles and Practice in Public Service & SosialAction Programs, Publication of Russel Sage Foundation, New York
Suzuki, Yasushi dan Pramono, Sigit dan Rufidah. (2016). Islamic Microfinance And Poverty Alleviation Program: Preliminery Research Findings From Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, vol. 5 (1): 63-82, DOI: https://doi.org/10.22373/share.v5i1.910
Yusuf al-Qradawi, Fiqh al-Zakah, Juz I (Bayrut: al-Risalah al-‘Alamiyah, 2009), 111
Zia Aktar, “Charitable trust and waqfs: Their Parallels, Registration Prosess and Tax Reliefs in United Kingdom”, Oxford University Press, 2012, http:slr.oxfordjournals.org. (diakses, Juli 25, 2018)
Nadri, Farah Aida Ahmad Rashidah, Rahman, Abd. and Omar, Normah “Zakat and Poverty Alleviation : Roles of Zakat Institution in Malaysia” International Journal of Art and Commerce Vol.1 No.7, 2012
Copyright (c) 2019 Rusdi Hamka Lubis, Fitri Nur Latifah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
