Analysis of Islamic Banking Efficiency in Indonesia in the Digital Bank Era during the Covid-19 Pandemic Analisis Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia pada Era Digital Bank di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Article Sidebar
Picture in here are illustration from public domain image or provided by the author, as part of their works
Published:
Oct 9, 2022
Keywords:
Efficiency, Syariah Banking, Digital Banks, Covid-19
Main Article Content
Abstract
The Islamic banking industry in Indonesia is experiencing rapid growth. Currently the world is being hit by an economic crisis triggered by the Covid-19 virus pandemic, including Indonesia, especially Islamic banking, which has also been affected by the crisis. Digital services are one of the efforts for Islamic banking to survive in the pandemic era. To survive in a situation like this, it is necessary to have input and output efficiency of the main factors in Islamic banking. Therefore, it is necessary to study the level of efficiency of Islamic banking in the era of the Covid pandemic in order to formulate corrective and anticipatory measures due to the crisis. In order to build synergies with the world of digital finance, the S1 Islamic Economics Study Program gave us an assignment on this theme. This research is quantitative in nature using data from the Financial Services Authority's annual financial statements which were analyzed using the input approach CRS method. The input variables analyzed were third party funds, labor costs, and general administrative costs, while the output variables analyzed were operating income and total financing. The results of this study indicate that the efficient banks in 2020 are Bank NTB Syariah, Bank BTPN Syariah Tbk and Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Tbk and in 2021 Bank Mega Syariah and Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Tbk. Overall, in the Covid pandemic era, the efficiency value of Islamic banking was 78.05% and was included in the moderate criteria, which was smaller than before the pandemic. More serious efforts are needed from various stakeholders to again improve the efficiency of Islamic banking by taking advantage of the benefits of digitalization.
Article Details
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2022 Reny Fitriana Kaban, Novita Setyawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Funding data
-
Kementerian Riset Teknologi Dan Pendidikan Tinggi Republik Indonesia
Grant numbers 20 million rupiah
References
Abidin, Z., Endri, & Nirmalawati, D. (2008). Kinerja Keuangan dan Efisiensi Perbankan: Pendekatan CAMEL, DEA dan SFA. Jakarta: ABFI Institute Perbanas.
Ahmadirezaei, H. (2011). Social and The Effect of Information Technology in Saderat Banking System. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 23–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.005
Al-halawani, O. (2019). The Effects of Innovation on Bank Efficiency and Productivity. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335223114_The_Effects_of_Innovation_on_Bank_Efficie
ncy_and_Productivity_Undergraduate_Dissertation_82
Amirillah, A. (2014). Efisiensi perbankan syariah Di Indonesia. JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy, 7(2), 100–202. https://doi.org/10.15294 jejak.v7i1.3596
Appiahene, P., Missah, Y. M., & Najim, U. (2019). Evaluation of information technology impact on bank ’ s performance : The Ghanaian experience. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 11, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847979019835337
Avkiran, N. K. (1999). The evidence on efficiency gains: The role of mergers and the benefits to the public. Journal of Banking & Finance, 23(7), 991–1013. Retrieved from https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:23:y:1999:i:7:p:991-1013
Avkiran, N. K. (2011). Association of DEA super-efficiency estimates with financial ratios : Investigating the case for Chinese banks. Omega, 39(3), 323–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2010.08.001
Banker, R., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysise. Management Science, 30(9), 1031–1142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078
Casu, B., & Molyneux, P. (2003). A comparative study of efficiency in European banking. Applied Economics, 35(17), 1865–1876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0003684032000158109
Cooper, W. W., Selford, L. M., & Zhu, J. (2011). Data Envelopment Analysis: History, Models and Interpretations. In: Cooper W., Seiford L., Zhu J. (eds) Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 164, 1–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6151-8_1
Dadan. (2019). Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jakarta.
Dadang, M., Hafidz, J., Astuti Riska, I., & Oktapiani, R. (2014). Faktor-Faktor Penetu Efisiensi Perbankan serta Dampaknya terhadap Perhitungan Suku Bunga Kredit.
Dangolani, S. K. (2011). The Impact of Information Technology in Banking System (A Case Study in Bank Keshavarzi IRAN). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, 30, 13–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.003
Fethi, M. D., & Pasiouras, F. (2010). Assessing bank efficiency and performance with operational research and artificial intelligence techniques : A survey. European Journal of Operational Research, 204, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.08.003
Gichungu, Z. N., & Oloko, M. A. (2015). Relationship between Bank Innovations and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(5), 443–456. Retrieved from https://www.ijern.com/journal/2015/May-2015/39.pdf
Gordo, G. M. (2013). Estimating Philippines Bank Efficiencies Using Frontier Analysis. Philippines Management Review, 20, 17–36. Retrieved from http://cba.upd.edu.ph/docs/DP/1202_gordo.pdf.%0A
Hastuti, R. K. (2019, June 7). Perbankan Syariah Masih Sulit Bersaing Dengan Konvensional. CNBC Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/syariah/20190607133414-29-77037
Hidayat, R. (2014). Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah: Teori dan Praktek. Bekasi: Gramata Publishing.
Ho, S., & Mallick, S. (2010). The impact of information technology on the banking industry. Journal of The Operational Research Society, 61(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.128
Indonesia, G. B. PERATURAN BANK INDONESIA NOMOR: 7/2/PBI/2005 TENTANG PENILAIAN KUALITAS AKTIVA BANK UMUM (2005). Bank Indonesia. Retrieved from www.bi.go.id
Abidin, Z., Endri, & Nirmalawati, D. (2008). Kinerja Keuangan dan Efisiensi Perbankan: Pendekatan CAMEL, DEA dan SFA. Jakarta: ABFI Institute Perbanas.
Ahmadirezaei, H. (2011). Social and The Effect of Information Technology in Saderat Banking System. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 23–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.005
Al-halawani, O. (2019). The Effects of Innovation on Bank Efficiency and Productivity. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335223114_The_Effects_of_Innovation_on_Bank_Efficiency_and_Productivity_Undergraduate_Dissertation_82
Amirillah, A. (2014). Efisiensi perbankan syariah Di Indonesia. JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy, 7(2), 100–202. https://doi.org/10.15294 jejak.v7i1.3596
Appiahene, P., Missah, Y. M., & Najim, U. (2019). Evaluation of information technology impact on bank ’ s performance : The Ghanaian experience. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 11, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847979019835337
Avkiran, N. K. (1999). The evidence on efficiency gains: The role of mergers and the benefits to the public. Journal of Banking & Finance, 23(7), 991–1013. Retrieved from https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:23:y:1999:i:7:p:991-1013
Avkiran, N. K. (2011). Association of DEA super-efficiency estimates with financial ratios : Investigating the case for Chinese banks. Omega, 39(3), 323–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2010.08.001
Banker, R., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysise. Management Science, 30(9), 1031–1142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078
Casu, B., & Molyneux, P. (2003). A comparative study of efficiency in European banking. Applied Economics, 35(17), 1865–1876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0003684032000158109
Cooper, W. W., Selford, L. M., & Zhu, J. (2011). Data Envelopment Analysis: History, Models and Interpretations. In: Cooper W., Seiford L., Zhu J. (eds) Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 164, 1–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6151-8_1
Dadan. (2019). Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jakarta.
Dadang, M., Hafidz, J., Astuti Riska, I., & Oktapiani, R. (2014). Faktor-Faktor Penetu Efisiensi Perbankan serta Dampaknya terhadap Perhitungan Suku Bunga Kredit.
Dangolani, S. K. (2011). The Impact of Information Technology in Banking System (A Case Study in Bank Keshavarzi IRAN). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, 30, 13–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.003
Fethi, M. D., & Pasiouras, F. (2010). Assessing bank efficiency and performance with operational research and artificial intelligence techniques : A survey. European Journal of Operational Research, 204, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.08.003
Gichungu, Z. N., & Oloko, M. A. (2015). Relationship between Bank Innovations and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(5), 443–456. Retrieved from https://www.ijern.com/journal/2015/May-2015/39.pdf
Gordo, G. M. (2013). Estimating Philippines Bank Efficiencies Using Frontier Analysis. Philippines Management Review, 20, 17–36. Retrieved from http://cba.upd.edu.ph/docs/DP/1202_gordo.pdf.%0A
Hastuti, R. K. (2019, June 7). Perbankan Syariah Masih Sulit Bersaing Dengan Konvensional. CNBC Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/syariah/20190607133414-29-77037
Hidayat, R. (2014). Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah: Teori dan Praktek. Bekasi: Gramata Publishing.
Ho, S., & Mallick, S. (2010). The impact of information technology on the banking industry. Journal of The Operational Research Society, 61(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.128
Indonesia, G. B. PERATURAN BANK INDONESIA NOMOR: 7/2/PBI/2005 TENTANG PENILAIAN KUALITAS AKTIVA BANK UMUM (2005). Bank Indonesia. Retrieved from www.bi.go.id
Indonesia, G. B. PERATURAN BANK INDONESIA NOMOR: 13/ 1 /PBI/2011 TENTANG PENILAIAN TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK UMUM (2011). Bank Indonesia. Retrieved from www.bi.go.id
Inel, M. N. (2019). An empirical study on measurement of efficiency of digital transformation by using data envelopment analysis. Management Science Letters, 9, 549–556. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.1.008
Masduki, A. (2019). Ini Tantangan Perbankan di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Retrieved from https://ekbis.sindonews.com/read/1384230/178/ini-tantangan-perbankan-di-era-revolusi-industri-40-1551794180
MIX Marketing & Communication. (2019). Industri 4.0 Ketika Dunia dalam Satu Genggaman. Jakarta: Asoka Aksara.
Novaindra, R. (2014). ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI PERBANKAN SYARIAH DAN KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 22(2), 183–193. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14203/JEP.22.2.2014.183-193
OJK. (2019). Statistik Perbankan Syariah OJK Kuartal 1 2019.
Pambuko, Z. B. (2016). Determinan Tingkat Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah Di Indonesia: Two Stages Data Envelopment Analysis. Cakrawala: Jurnal Studi Islam, 11(2), 178–194. https://doi.org/10.31603/cakrawala.v11i2.249
Ramly, A. R., & Hakim, A. (2017). Pemodelan Efisiensi Bank di Indonesia: Perbandingan antara Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional. Esensi: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 7(April), 131–148. https://doi.org/10.15408/ess.v7i2.
Romdhane, S. Ben. (2013). INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE OF TUNISIAN BANKS : A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS WITH PANEL DATA. ASIAN ACADEMY of MANAGEMENT JOURNAL of ACCOUNTING and FINANCE, 9(2), 95–125. Retrieved from http://web.usm.my/journal/aamjaf/vol 9-2-2013/AAMJAF 9-2-art 5 (95-125).pdf
Rusydiana, A. S. (2018). Efisiensi Dan Stabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Di Indonesia. Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 11(2), 203–222. https://doi.org/10.15408/akt.v11i2.7033
Rusydiana, A. S. (2019). Efisiensi Sosial dan Finansial Bank Syariah di Indonesia : Pendekatan Nonparametrik. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 4(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v4i1.6814
Sebayang, R. (2018). BI Targetkan Industri Syariah Capai Market Share 20%,. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/syariah/20181212142636-29-46049/2023-bi-targetkan-industri-syariah-capai-market-share-20
Widowati. (2019). Indonesia Masuk 10 Negara yang Pasar Keuangan Syariahnya Tumbuh Pesat. Retrieved from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/05/14/indonesia-masuk-daftar-10-negara-yang-pasar-keuangan-syariahnya-tumbuh-pesat
Yang, F., & Qi, Y. (2017). An empirical study on the efficiency of bank innovation in the context of internet financial development. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 33, 931–937. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/febm-17.2017.125
Ahmadirezaei, H. (2011). Social and The Effect of Information Technology in Saderat Banking System. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 23–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.005
Al-halawani, O. (2019). The Effects of Innovation on Bank Efficiency and Productivity. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335223114_The_Effects_of_Innovation_on_Bank_Efficie
ncy_and_Productivity_Undergraduate_Dissertation_82
Amirillah, A. (2014). Efisiensi perbankan syariah Di Indonesia. JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy, 7(2), 100–202. https://doi.org/10.15294 jejak.v7i1.3596
Appiahene, P., Missah, Y. M., & Najim, U. (2019). Evaluation of information technology impact on bank ’ s performance : The Ghanaian experience. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 11, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847979019835337
Avkiran, N. K. (1999). The evidence on efficiency gains: The role of mergers and the benefits to the public. Journal of Banking & Finance, 23(7), 991–1013. Retrieved from https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:23:y:1999:i:7:p:991-1013
Avkiran, N. K. (2011). Association of DEA super-efficiency estimates with financial ratios : Investigating the case for Chinese banks. Omega, 39(3), 323–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2010.08.001
Banker, R., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysise. Management Science, 30(9), 1031–1142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078
Casu, B., & Molyneux, P. (2003). A comparative study of efficiency in European banking. Applied Economics, 35(17), 1865–1876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0003684032000158109
Cooper, W. W., Selford, L. M., & Zhu, J. (2011). Data Envelopment Analysis: History, Models and Interpretations. In: Cooper W., Seiford L., Zhu J. (eds) Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 164, 1–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6151-8_1
Dadan. (2019). Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jakarta.
Dadang, M., Hafidz, J., Astuti Riska, I., & Oktapiani, R. (2014). Faktor-Faktor Penetu Efisiensi Perbankan serta Dampaknya terhadap Perhitungan Suku Bunga Kredit.
Dangolani, S. K. (2011). The Impact of Information Technology in Banking System (A Case Study in Bank Keshavarzi IRAN). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, 30, 13–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.003
Fethi, M. D., & Pasiouras, F. (2010). Assessing bank efficiency and performance with operational research and artificial intelligence techniques : A survey. European Journal of Operational Research, 204, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.08.003
Gichungu, Z. N., & Oloko, M. A. (2015). Relationship between Bank Innovations and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(5), 443–456. Retrieved from https://www.ijern.com/journal/2015/May-2015/39.pdf
Gordo, G. M. (2013). Estimating Philippines Bank Efficiencies Using Frontier Analysis. Philippines Management Review, 20, 17–36. Retrieved from http://cba.upd.edu.ph/docs/DP/1202_gordo.pdf.%0A
Hastuti, R. K. (2019, June 7). Perbankan Syariah Masih Sulit Bersaing Dengan Konvensional. CNBC Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/syariah/20190607133414-29-77037
Hidayat, R. (2014). Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah: Teori dan Praktek. Bekasi: Gramata Publishing.
Ho, S., & Mallick, S. (2010). The impact of information technology on the banking industry. Journal of The Operational Research Society, 61(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.128
Indonesia, G. B. PERATURAN BANK INDONESIA NOMOR: 7/2/PBI/2005 TENTANG PENILAIAN KUALITAS AKTIVA BANK UMUM (2005). Bank Indonesia. Retrieved from www.bi.go.id
Abidin, Z., Endri, & Nirmalawati, D. (2008). Kinerja Keuangan dan Efisiensi Perbankan: Pendekatan CAMEL, DEA dan SFA. Jakarta: ABFI Institute Perbanas.
Ahmadirezaei, H. (2011). Social and The Effect of Information Technology in Saderat Banking System. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 23–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.005
Al-halawani, O. (2019). The Effects of Innovation on Bank Efficiency and Productivity. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335223114_The_Effects_of_Innovation_on_Bank_Efficiency_and_Productivity_Undergraduate_Dissertation_82
Amirillah, A. (2014). Efisiensi perbankan syariah Di Indonesia. JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy, 7(2), 100–202. https://doi.org/10.15294 jejak.v7i1.3596
Appiahene, P., Missah, Y. M., & Najim, U. (2019). Evaluation of information technology impact on bank ’ s performance : The Ghanaian experience. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 11, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847979019835337
Avkiran, N. K. (1999). The evidence on efficiency gains: The role of mergers and the benefits to the public. Journal of Banking & Finance, 23(7), 991–1013. Retrieved from https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:23:y:1999:i:7:p:991-1013
Avkiran, N. K. (2011). Association of DEA super-efficiency estimates with financial ratios : Investigating the case for Chinese banks. Omega, 39(3), 323–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2010.08.001
Banker, R., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysise. Management Science, 30(9), 1031–1142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078
Casu, B., & Molyneux, P. (2003). A comparative study of efficiency in European banking. Applied Economics, 35(17), 1865–1876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0003684032000158109
Cooper, W. W., Selford, L. M., & Zhu, J. (2011). Data Envelopment Analysis: History, Models and Interpretations. In: Cooper W., Seiford L., Zhu J. (eds) Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 164, 1–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6151-8_1
Dadan. (2019). Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jakarta.
Dadang, M., Hafidz, J., Astuti Riska, I., & Oktapiani, R. (2014). Faktor-Faktor Penetu Efisiensi Perbankan serta Dampaknya terhadap Perhitungan Suku Bunga Kredit.
Dangolani, S. K. (2011). The Impact of Information Technology in Banking System (A Case Study in Bank Keshavarzi IRAN). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, 30, 13–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.003
Fethi, M. D., & Pasiouras, F. (2010). Assessing bank efficiency and performance with operational research and artificial intelligence techniques : A survey. European Journal of Operational Research, 204, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.08.003
Gichungu, Z. N., & Oloko, M. A. (2015). Relationship between Bank Innovations and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(5), 443–456. Retrieved from https://www.ijern.com/journal/2015/May-2015/39.pdf
Gordo, G. M. (2013). Estimating Philippines Bank Efficiencies Using Frontier Analysis. Philippines Management Review, 20, 17–36. Retrieved from http://cba.upd.edu.ph/docs/DP/1202_gordo.pdf.%0A
Hastuti, R. K. (2019, June 7). Perbankan Syariah Masih Sulit Bersaing Dengan Konvensional. CNBC Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/syariah/20190607133414-29-77037
Hidayat, R. (2014). Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah: Teori dan Praktek. Bekasi: Gramata Publishing.
Ho, S., & Mallick, S. (2010). The impact of information technology on the banking industry. Journal of The Operational Research Society, 61(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.128
Indonesia, G. B. PERATURAN BANK INDONESIA NOMOR: 7/2/PBI/2005 TENTANG PENILAIAN KUALITAS AKTIVA BANK UMUM (2005). Bank Indonesia. Retrieved from www.bi.go.id
Indonesia, G. B. PERATURAN BANK INDONESIA NOMOR: 13/ 1 /PBI/2011 TENTANG PENILAIAN TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK UMUM (2011). Bank Indonesia. Retrieved from www.bi.go.id
Inel, M. N. (2019). An empirical study on measurement of efficiency of digital transformation by using data envelopment analysis. Management Science Letters, 9, 549–556. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.1.008
Masduki, A. (2019). Ini Tantangan Perbankan di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Retrieved from https://ekbis.sindonews.com/read/1384230/178/ini-tantangan-perbankan-di-era-revolusi-industri-40-1551794180
MIX Marketing & Communication. (2019). Industri 4.0 Ketika Dunia dalam Satu Genggaman. Jakarta: Asoka Aksara.
Novaindra, R. (2014). ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI PERBANKAN SYARIAH DAN KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 22(2), 183–193. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14203/JEP.22.2.2014.183-193
OJK. (2019). Statistik Perbankan Syariah OJK Kuartal 1 2019.
Pambuko, Z. B. (2016). Determinan Tingkat Efisiensi Perbankan Syariah Di Indonesia: Two Stages Data Envelopment Analysis. Cakrawala: Jurnal Studi Islam, 11(2), 178–194. https://doi.org/10.31603/cakrawala.v11i2.249
Ramly, A. R., & Hakim, A. (2017). Pemodelan Efisiensi Bank di Indonesia: Perbandingan antara Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional. Esensi: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 7(April), 131–148. https://doi.org/10.15408/ess.v7i2.
Romdhane, S. Ben. (2013). INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE OF TUNISIAN BANKS : A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS WITH PANEL DATA. ASIAN ACADEMY of MANAGEMENT JOURNAL of ACCOUNTING and FINANCE, 9(2), 95–125. Retrieved from http://web.usm.my/journal/aamjaf/vol 9-2-2013/AAMJAF 9-2-art 5 (95-125).pdf
Rusydiana, A. S. (2018). Efisiensi Dan Stabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Di Indonesia. Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 11(2), 203–222. https://doi.org/10.15408/akt.v11i2.7033
Rusydiana, A. S. (2019). Efisiensi Sosial dan Finansial Bank Syariah di Indonesia : Pendekatan Nonparametrik. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 4(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v4i1.6814
Sebayang, R. (2018). BI Targetkan Industri Syariah Capai Market Share 20%,. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/syariah/20181212142636-29-46049/2023-bi-targetkan-industri-syariah-capai-market-share-20
Widowati. (2019). Indonesia Masuk 10 Negara yang Pasar Keuangan Syariahnya Tumbuh Pesat. Retrieved from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/05/14/indonesia-masuk-daftar-10-negara-yang-pasar-keuangan-syariahnya-tumbuh-pesat
Yang, F., & Qi, Y. (2017). An empirical study on the efficiency of bank innovation in the context of internet financial development. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 33, 931–937. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/febm-17.2017.125